PUNJAB GK

                                         PUNJAB GK                                

================================================

General Information-----------------------------------------------------------

1.Creation → 1^st November, 1966

2.Capital → Chandigarh

3.Boundaries → International : Pakistan, National: Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal                                               Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan

4.State Animal → Black Buck (Antilope Cervicopra)

5.State Bird → Goshawk (Melievax poliotens)

6.State Tree → Shisham (Dalbergia Sissoo)

7.State Language → Punjabi

8.Secretariat → Chandigarh

9.High Court → Punjab and Haryana High Court, Chandigarh

10.First Governor → Chandulal, Madhav Lal Trivedi

11.First C.M → Dr. Gopi Chand Bhargava

12.First Chief Justice of High Court → Justice Ram Lal

13.First Speaker of Vidhan Sabha → Kapur Singh

14.Present C.M → Parkash Singh Badal

15.Present Governor → Kaptan Singh Solanki

16.Present Speaker of Vidhan Sabha → Charanjit Singh Atwal

General Structure--------------------------------------------------------

1. Geographical Area → 50,362 km²
2. Latitude ­→ 29⁰30’N to 32⁰32⁰ N
3. Longitude → 73⁰55⁰ E to 76⁰50⁰ E
4. Forest Area → 3055 km²
5. Altitude → 180-300 meters
6. Average Rainfall → 435.6 mm

Administrative Units---------------------------------------------------

1. Divisions →­ 5 (Newly created on 31^st Dec., 2010: Ropar Division)
2. Districts → 22
3. Sub-Divisions/Tehsils → 81 (Newly added in 2011: Guru Har Sahai) (Ferozepur District) and Dharamkot (Moga district)
4. State Legislature → Unicameral
5. Lok Sabha Constituencies → 13
6. Rajya Sabha Constituencies → 7
7. Vidhan Sabha Constituencies → 117
8. Largest City (population Wise) → Ludhiana

Demography (CENSUS 2011)--------------------------------------------

1. Total Population → 277.04 Lakh
2. Male Population → 146.35 Lakh
3. Female Population → 130.69 Lakh
4. Rural Population → 173.2 Lakh
5. Percentage of Rural to Total Population → 62.51%
6. Urban Population → 103.87 Lakh
7. Percentage of Urban to Total Population → 37.49%
8. Density → 550 per sq.km
9. Sex Ratio → 893
10. Literate and Educated Persons → 18988611
11. Literacy Rate → 76.7%
12. Male Literacy → 81.48%
13. Female Literacy → 71.34%
14. Scheduled Caste Population → 7028723
15. Percentage of S.C. to Total Population → 28.85%
16. Punjab Constitutes 2.29% of India’s population.

District -----------------------------------------------------------------

1. Most Literate District → Hoshiarpur
2. Least Literate District → Mansa
3. Most Populated District → Ludhiana
4. Least Populated District → Barnala
5. Largest District (Area Wise) → Ludhiana
6. Smallest District (Area Wise) → SAS Nagar (Mohali)
7. Highest Sex Ratio → Hoshiarpur
8. Lowest Sex Ratio → Bathinda
9. District with Highest Population Density → Ludhiana
10. District with Lowest Population Density → Muktsar
11. Max. Decadal Growth of population → SAS Nagar (Mohali)
12. Min. Decadal Growth of population ­→ SBS Nagar (Nawanshahr)
13. Max. Literacy (among males) → Hoshiarpur
14. Min. Literacy (among males) → Mansa
15. Max. Literacy (among females) → Hoshiarpur
16. Min. Literacy (among females) → Mansa
17. 2 newly created Districts → Pathankot (carved out of Gurdaspur) and Fazilka (carved out of Ferozepur)

State Income---------------------------------------------------------------

1. Growth Rate:
2. 2009-10 (Provisional): 6.29%,
3. 2010-11 (Quick): 6.81%
4. 2011-12 (Advance): 5.68%
5. Gross State Domestic Product at Current Prices:
6. 2009-10 (P): 198393 crores
7. 2010-11 (Q): 224975 crores
8. 2011-12 (A): 248301 crores
9. Gross State Domestic Product at Constant Prices (2004-05):
10. 2009-10 (P): 138629 crores
11. 2010-11 (Q): 148069 crores
12. 2011-12 (A): 156483 crores
13. Per Capita Income at Constant Prices:
14. 2008-09 (R): 41003
15. 2009-10 (P): 42752
16. 2010-11 (Q): 44885
17. Population under Poverty Line:
18. Total: 15.9% (2009-10)
19. Rural: 14.6%
20. Urban: 18.1%

Average Monthly Per Capita Expenditure as per NSS 66^th Round: 

Rural: 1649

Urban: 2109

===========================================================================

Talwandi Sabo, a town in Bathinda district, is know with the title 'Guru Ki Kashi'. Guru Gobind Singh ji compiled the full version of Adi Granth at this place and also involved in many literary activities during his stay at this place. Due to this, the city got its nickname Guru Ki Kashi. Kashi or Varanasi is a town famous for literature/education of hindu religion from the ancient times.

==================================================

Amrita Pritam was the first women writer to get Sahitya Akademi Award for Punjabi language. This is the highest literary award in India. She got this award in year 1956 for her book Sunehre.
==================================================
S. Parkash Singh Badal has the honour of becoming chief minister of the state most number of times. Its his fifth term as the chief minister of the state. He became the chief minister in 1970, 1977, 1997, 2007 and 2012.
==================================================
When India got independence in 1947, Shimla became the capital of Punjab. It was earlier the summer capital of Punjab. Shimla, now in Himachal Pradesh, is a famous tourist place in north India. Every year, lakhs of tourists from throughout India and the world come to this place. It is also known as the queen of hills.
==================================================
GNDU was established in 1969 in Amritsar city, on the occassion of 500th birth anniversary of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikh religion.

===============================================

There are total 22 districts in Punjab. The latest additions to the list of districts are Pathankot and Fazilka, which were formed in 2012.

==================================================
S. Parkash Singh Badal became chief minister of Punjab for the first time in 1970. In 2012, he was sworn in as chief minister of the state for a record fifth time. It is his second consecutive term as chief minister.
==================================================
The maximum number of trains stop at Ludhiana railway station. There are almost 250 daily trains which halt, originate or terminate at this station.
==================================================

Table of the Battles of Guru Gobind Singh------

Name of the battle	Where	When	Between		Victor	Result
			One side	Other side
Battle of Bhangani	Bhangani	1688	Guru Gobind Singh	Raja Bhim Chand of Khalur and Hill Chiefs	Guru and His Sikhs	Bhimchand and other Rajput rajas became friends of Guru
Battle of Nadaun	Nadaun	1690-	Alif Khan (Mughals )	Guru and Hill Rajas	Guru and Hill Rajas	Alif Khan was defeated
First Battle of Anandpur	Anandpur	1701	Guru and his Sikhs	Raja Bhim Chand of Khalur and other Hill Chiefs	Guru and His Sikhs	Rajas made compromise and the Guru retired to Nirmoh
Battle of Nirmoh	Nirmoh	1702	Guru and His Sikhs	Raja Bhim Chand+ Mughal forces	Guru and his Sikhs	Defeat of invaders
Battle of Basoli	Basoli	1702	Guru and his Sikhs	Raja Bhim Chand	Guru and His Sikhs	Sikhs attacked the territory of Raja and captured Kalmot
Second Battle of Anandpur	Anandpur	1704	Guru and his Sikhs	Hill Chiefs and Mughal Forecs under Wazir Khan	Hill chiefs and Mughal Forces under Wazir Khan	Guru and His Sikhs had to leave fort and Zorawar & Fateh Singh were bricked alive
Battle of Chamkaur	Chamkaur	1705	Guru and his Sikhs	Mughal Forces	Mughal Forces	35 Sikhs including two sons Ajit & Jhujar Singh died fighting heroically
Battle of Khidrana	Khidrana	1705	Guru and his Sikhs	Mughal Forces	Guru and his Sikhs	Sikhs defeated the Mughals but 40 of them (Chali Mukte) dies fighting

=========================================================

Ancient Names of the River-----

1. Satluj               Satlutri
2. Beas                Vipash
3. Ravi                 Parushtani
4. Chenab            Asikni
5. Jhelum             Vitasta
6. Indus               Sindhu
7. Saraswati         Sarusti

River Satluj borders 9 districts of Punjab: Ropar, Nawashahr, Jalandhar, Kapurthala, Tarn Taran, Ludhiana, Moga, Ferozepur and Fazilka

River Ravi borders 3 districts of Punjab,Amritsar, Pathankot and Gurdaspur

River Beas borders 6 districts of Punjab, Gurdaspur, Pathankot, Amritsar, Tarn-Taran, Hoshiarpur and Kapurthala.

=======================================================

Forests

District wise Forest Area Intensity:

1^st Highest: Hoshiarpur (34%)

2^nd Highest: Ropar (24%)

3^rd Highest: Nawanshahr(15%)

4^th Highest: Gurdaspur (10%)

==========================================================

Wildlife Sanctuaries in Punjab:

    1.      Harike – e Pattan Wildlife Sanctuary: is situated in Tarn Taran                    district

    2.      Takhni Rehmapur Sanctuary: is situated in Hoshiarpur district

    3.      Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary: is situated in Abohar, Fazilka district             which is famous for  Black Buck
4.      Bir Motibagh Sanctuary: situated in Patiala district on Patiala-                Dakala road.

    5.      Bir Gurdialpura Sanctuary: is situated in Patiala district on                    Patiala-Samana-Shatrana road.

    6.      Bir Bhunerheri Sanctuary: is situated in Patiala district on Patiala-           Devigarh road.

     7.      Bir Mehas Wildlife Santuary: is situated in Nabha Tehsil of                     Patiala district on Nabha-Malerkotla road.
 8.      Bir Dosanjh Wildlife sanctuary: is situated in Nabha tehsil of                 Patiala district on Nabha-Jorepul road. 

     9.      Bir Bhadson Wildlife Sanctuary: is situated in district Patiala on             Nabha-Bhadson-Gobindgarh road.
10.   Bir  Aishwan Wildlife Sanctuary: is situated in district Sangrur on          Sangrur-Sohian road.
11.  Jhajjar-Bachauli Wildlife Sanctuary: is situated in the forest area         of district Rupnagar, falls in Villages of Jhajjar, Bachauli and              Lamheri.
12.  Kathlapur Kushlian Wildlife Sanctuary: is situated in tehsil Pathankot of district Gurdaspur on Amritsar-Jammu highway.

=============================================================================================================================